// taken from https://github.com/calvinmetcalf/buffer-es6

/*!
 * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
 *
 * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
 * @license  MIT
 */
/* eslint-disable no-proto */

var lookup = []
var revLookup = []
var Arr = typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined' ? Uint8Array : Array
var inited = false
function init() {
    inited = true
    var code =
        'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
    for (var i = 0, len = code.length; i < len; ++i) {
        lookup[i] = code[i]
        revLookup[code.charCodeAt(i)] = i
    }

    revLookup['-'.charCodeAt(0)] = 62
    revLookup['_'.charCodeAt(0)] = 63
}

function base64toByteArray(b64) {
    if (!inited) {
        init()
    }
    var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr
    var len = b64.length

    if (len % 4 > 0) {
        throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
    }

    // the number of equal signs (place holders)
    // if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
    // represent one byte
    // if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
    // this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
    placeHolders = b64[len - 2] === '=' ? 2 : b64[len - 1] === '=' ? 1 : 0

    // base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
    arr = new Arr((len * 3) / 4 - placeHolders)

    // if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
    l = placeHolders > 0 ? len - 4 : len

    var L = 0

    for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
        tmp =
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 18) |
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 12) |
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] << 6) |
            revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 3)]
        arr[L++] = (tmp >> 16) & 0xff
        arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xff
        arr[L++] = tmp & 0xff
    }

    if (placeHolders === 2) {
        tmp =
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 2) |
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] >> 4)
        arr[L++] = tmp & 0xff
    } else if (placeHolders === 1) {
        tmp =
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 10) |
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 4) |
            (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] >> 2)
        arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xff
        arr[L++] = tmp & 0xff
    }

    return arr
}

function tripletToBase64(num) {
    return (
        lookup[(num >> 18) & 0x3f] +
        lookup[(num >> 12) & 0x3f] +
        lookup[(num >> 6) & 0x3f] +
        lookup[num & 0x3f]
    )
}

function encodeChunk(uint8, start, end) {
    var tmp
    var output = []
    for (var i = start; i < end; i += 3) {
        tmp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + uint8[i + 2]
        output.push(tripletToBase64(tmp))
    }
    return output.join('')
}

function base64fromByteArray(uint8) {
    if (!inited) {
        init()
    }
    var tmp
    var len = uint8.length
    var extraBytes = len % 3 // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
    var output = ''
    var parts = []
    var maxChunkLength = 16383 // must be multiple of 3

    // go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
    for (var i = 0, len2 = len - extraBytes; i < len2; i += maxChunkLength) {
        parts.push(
            encodeChunk(
                uint8,
                i,
                i + maxChunkLength > len2 ? len2 : i + maxChunkLength,
            ),
        )
    }

    // pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
    if (extraBytes === 1) {
        tmp = uint8[len - 1]
        output += lookup[tmp >> 2]
        output += lookup[(tmp << 4) & 0x3f]
        output += '=='
    } else if (extraBytes === 2) {
        tmp = (uint8[len - 2] << 8) + uint8[len - 1]
        output += lookup[tmp >> 10]
        output += lookup[(tmp >> 4) & 0x3f]
        output += lookup[(tmp << 2) & 0x3f]
        output += '='
    }

    parts.push(output)

    return parts.join('')
}

var INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50

/**
 * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
 *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
 *   === false   Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
 *
 * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
 * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
 *
 * Due to various browser bugs, sometimes the Object implementation will be used even
 * when the browser supports typed arrays.
 *
 * Note:
 *
 *   - Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances,
 *     See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
 *
 *   - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
 *
 *   - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
 *     incorrect length in some situations.

 * We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they
 * get the Object implementation, which is slower but behaves correctly.
 */
Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT =
    global.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT !== undefined ? global.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT : true

function kMaxLength() {
    return Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT ? 0x7fffffff : 0x3fffffff
}

function createBuffer(that, length) {
    if (kMaxLength() < length) {
        throw new RangeError('Invalid typed array length')
    }
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
        that = new Uint8Array(length)
        that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
    } else {
        // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
        if (that === null) {
            that = new Buffer(length)
        }
        that.length = length
    }

    return that
}

/**
 * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that have their
 * prototype changed to `Buffer.prototype`. Furthermore, `Buffer` is a subclass of
 * `Uint8Array`, so the returned instances will have all the node `Buffer` methods
 * and the `Uint8Array` methods. Square bracket notation works as expected -- it
 * returns a single octet.
 *
 * The `Uint8Array` prototype remains unmodified.
 */

export function Buffer(arg, encodingOrOffset, length) {
    if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && !(this instanceof Buffer)) {
        return new Buffer(arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
    }

    // Common case.
    if (typeof arg === 'number') {
        if (typeof encodingOrOffset === 'string') {
            throw new Error(
                'If encoding is specified then the first argument must be a string',
            )
        }
        return allocUnsafe(this, arg)
    }
    return from(this, arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
}

Buffer.poolSize = 8192 // not used by this implementation

// TODO: Legacy, not needed anymore. Remove in next major version.
Buffer._augment = function(arr) {
    arr.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
    return arr
}

function from(that, value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
    if (typeof value === 'number') {
        throw new TypeError('"value" argument must not be a number')
    }

    if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && value instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
        return fromArrayBuffer(that, value, encodingOrOffset, length)
    }

    if (typeof value === 'string') {
        return fromString(that, value, encodingOrOffset)
    }

    return fromObject(that, value)
}

/**
 * Functionally equivalent to Buffer(arg, encoding) but throws a TypeError
 * if value is a number.
 * Buffer.from(str[, encoding])
 * Buffer.from(array)
 * Buffer.from(buffer)
 * Buffer.from(arrayBuffer[, byteOffset[, length]])
 **/
Buffer.from = function(value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
    return from(null, value, encodingOrOffset, length)
}

Buffer.kMaxLength = kMaxLength()

if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    Buffer.prototype.__proto__ = Uint8Array.prototype
    Buffer.__proto__ = Uint8Array
    if (
        typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' &&
        Symbol.species &&
        Buffer[Symbol.species] === Buffer
    ) {
        // Fix subarray() in ES2016. See: https://github.com/feross/buffer/pull/97
        // Object.defineProperty(Buffer, Symbol.species, {
        //   value: null,
        //   configurable: true
        // })
    }
}

function assertSize(size) {
    if (typeof size !== 'number') {
        throw new TypeError('"size" argument must be a number')
    } else if (size < 0) {
        throw new RangeError('"size" argument must not be negative')
    }
}

function alloc(that, size, fill, encoding) {
    assertSize(size)
    if (size <= 0) {
        return createBuffer(that, size)
    }
    if (fill !== undefined) {
        // Only pay attention to encoding if it's a string. This
        // prevents accidentally sending in a number that would
        // be interpretted as a start offset.
        return typeof encoding === 'string'
            ? createBuffer(that, size).fill(fill, encoding)
            : createBuffer(that, size).fill(fill)
    }
    return createBuffer(that, size)
}

/**
 * Creates a new filled Buffer instance.
 * alloc(size[, fill[, encoding]])
 **/
Buffer.alloc = function(size, fill, encoding) {
    return alloc(null, size, fill, encoding)
}

function allocUnsafe(that, size) {
    assertSize(size)
    that = createBuffer(that, size < 0 ? 0 : checked(size) | 0)
    if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        for (var i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
            that[i] = 0
        }
    }
    return that
}

/**
 * Equivalent to Buffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
 * */
Buffer.allocUnsafe = function(size) {
    return allocUnsafe(null, size)
}
/**
 * Equivalent to SlowBuffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
 */
Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow = function(size) {
    return allocUnsafe(null, size)
}

function fromString(that, string, encoding) {
    if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') {
        encoding = 'utf8'
    }

    if (!Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
        throw new TypeError('"encoding" must be a valid string encoding')
    }

    var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0
    that = createBuffer(that, length)

    var actual = that.write(string, encoding)

    if (actual !== length) {
        // Writing a hex string, for example, that contains invalid characters will
        // cause everything after the first invalid character to be ignored. (e.g.
        // 'abxxcd' will be treated as 'ab')
        that = that.slice(0, actual)
    }

    return that
}

function fromArrayLike(that, array) {
    var length = array.length < 0 ? 0 : checked(array.length) | 0
    that = createBuffer(that, length)
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
        that[i] = array[i] & 255
    }
    return that
}

function fromArrayBuffer(that, array, byteOffset, length) {
    array.byteLength // this throws if `array` is not a valid ArrayBuffer

    if (byteOffset < 0 || array.byteLength < byteOffset) {
        throw new RangeError("'offset' is out of bounds")
    }

    if (array.byteLength < byteOffset + (length || 0)) {
        throw new RangeError("'length' is out of bounds")
    }

    if (byteOffset === undefined && length === undefined) {
        array = new Uint8Array(array)
    } else if (length === undefined) {
        array = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset)
    } else {
        array = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset, length)
    }

    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
        that = array
        that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
    } else {
        // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
        that = fromArrayLike(that, array)
    }
    return that
}

function fromObject(that, obj) {
    if (internalIsBuffer(obj)) {
        var len = checked(obj.length) | 0
        that = createBuffer(that, len)

        if (that.length === 0) {
            return that
        }

        obj.copy(that, 0, 0, len)
        return that
    }

    if (obj) {
        if (
            (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' &&
                obj.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) ||
            'length' in obj
        ) {
            if (typeof obj.length !== 'number' || isnan(obj.length)) {
                return createBuffer(that, 0)
            }
            return fromArrayLike(that, obj)
        }

        if (obj.type === 'Buffer' && Array.isArray(obj.data)) {
            return fromArrayLike(that, obj.data)
        }
    }

    throw new TypeError(
        'First argument must be a string, Buffer, ArrayBuffer, Array, or array-like object.',
    )
}

function checked(length) {
    // Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength()` here because that fails when
    // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
    if (length >= kMaxLength()) {
        throw new RangeError(
            'Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
                'size: 0x' +
                kMaxLength().toString(16) +
                ' bytes',
        )
    }
    return length | 0
}

export function SlowBuffer(length) {
    if (+length != length) {
        // eslint-disable-line eqeqeq
        length = 0
    }
    return Buffer.alloc(+length)
}
Buffer.isBuffer = isBuffer
function internalIsBuffer(b) {
    return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
}

Buffer.compare = function compare(a, b) {
    if (!internalIsBuffer(a) || !internalIsBuffer(b)) {
        throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
    }

    if (a === b) return 0

    var x = a.length
    var y = b.length

    for (var i = 0, len = Math.min(x, y); i < len; ++i) {
        if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
            x = a[i]
            y = b[i]
            break
        }
    }

    if (x < y) return -1
    if (y < x) return 1
    return 0
}

Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding(encoding) {
    switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
        case 'hex':
        case 'utf8':
        case 'utf-8':
        case 'ascii':
        case 'latin1':
        case 'binary':
        case 'base64':
        case 'ucs2':
        case 'ucs-2':
        case 'utf16le':
        case 'utf-16le':
            return true
        default:
            return false
    }
}

Buffer.concat = function concat(list, length) {
    if (!Array.isArray(list)) {
        throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
    }

    if (list.length === 0) {
        return Buffer.alloc(0)
    }

    var i
    if (length === undefined) {
        length = 0
        for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
            length += list[i].length
        }
    }

    var buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(length)
    var pos = 0
    for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
        var buf = list[i]
        if (!internalIsBuffer(buf)) {
            throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
        }
        buf.copy(buffer, pos)
        pos += buf.length
    }
    return buffer
}

function byteLength(string, encoding) {
    if (internalIsBuffer(string)) {
        return string.length
    }
    if (
        typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' &&
        typeof ArrayBuffer.isView === 'function' &&
        (ArrayBuffer.isView(string) || string instanceof ArrayBuffer)
    ) {
        return string.byteLength
    }
    if (typeof string !== 'string') {
        string = '' + string
    }

    var len = string.length
    if (len === 0) return 0

    // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
    var loweredCase = false
    for (;;) {
        switch (encoding) {
            case 'ascii':
            case 'latin1':
            case 'binary':
                return len
            case 'utf8':
            case 'utf-8':
            case undefined:
                return utf8ToBytes(string).length
            case 'ucs2':
            case 'ucs-2':
            case 'utf16le':
            case 'utf-16le':
                return len * 2
            case 'hex':
                return len >>> 1
            case 'base64':
                return base64ToBytes(string).length
            default:
                if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
                encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
                loweredCase = true
        }
    }
}
Buffer.byteLength = byteLength

function slowToString(encoding, start, end) {
    var loweredCase = false

    // No need to verify that "this.length <= MAX_UINT32" since it's a read-only
    // property of a typed array.

    // This behaves neither like String nor Uint8Array in that we set start/end
    // to their upper/lower bounds if the value passed is out of range.
    // undefined is handled specially as per ECMA-262 6th Edition,
    // Section 13.3.3.7 Runtime Semantics: KeyedBindingInitialization.
    if (start === undefined || start < 0) {
        start = 0
    }
    // Return early if start > this.length. Done here to prevent potential uint32
    // coercion fail below.
    if (start > this.length) {
        return ''
    }

    if (end === undefined || end > this.length) {
        end = this.length
    }

    if (end <= 0) {
        return ''
    }

    // Force coersion to uint32. This will also coerce falsey/NaN values to 0.
    end >>>= 0
    start >>>= 0

    if (end <= start) {
        return ''
    }

    if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'

    while (true) {
        switch (encoding) {
            case 'hex':
                return hexSlice(this, start, end)

            case 'utf8':
            case 'utf-8':
                return utf8Slice(this, start, end)

            case 'ascii':
                return asciiSlice(this, start, end)

            case 'latin1':
            case 'binary':
                return latin1Slice(this, start, end)

            case 'base64':
                return base64Slice(this, start, end)

            case 'ucs2':
            case 'ucs-2':
            case 'utf16le':
            case 'utf-16le':
                return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)

            default:
                if (loweredCase)
                    throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
                encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase()
                loweredCase = true
        }
    }
}

// The property is used by `Buffer.isBuffer` and `is-buffer` (in Safari 5-7) to detect
// Buffer instances.
Buffer.prototype._isBuffer = true

function swap(b, n, m) {
    var i = b[n]
    b[n] = b[m]
    b[m] = i
}

Buffer.prototype.swap16 = function swap16() {
    var len = this.length
    if (len % 2 !== 0) {
        throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 16-bits')
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
        swap(this, i, i + 1)
    }
    return this
}

Buffer.prototype.swap32 = function swap32() {
    var len = this.length
    if (len % 4 !== 0) {
        throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 32-bits')
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
        swap(this, i, i + 3)
        swap(this, i + 1, i + 2)
    }
    return this
}

Buffer.prototype.swap64 = function swap64() {
    var len = this.length
    if (len % 8 !== 0) {
        throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 64-bits')
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 8) {
        swap(this, i, i + 7)
        swap(this, i + 1, i + 6)
        swap(this, i + 2, i + 5)
        swap(this, i + 3, i + 4)
    }
    return this
}

Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString() {
    var length = this.length | 0
    if (length === 0) return ''
    if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
    return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
}

Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals(b) {
    if (!internalIsBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
    if (this === b) return true
    return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
}


Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare(
    target,
    start,
    end,
    thisStart,
    thisEnd,
) {
    if (!internalIsBuffer(target)) {
        throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
    }

    if (start === undefined) {
        start = 0
    }
    if (end === undefined) {
        end = target ? target.length : 0
    }
    if (thisStart === undefined) {
        thisStart = 0
    }
    if (thisEnd === undefined) {
        thisEnd = this.length
    }

    if (
        start < 0 ||
        end > target.length ||
        thisStart < 0 ||
        thisEnd > this.length
    ) {
        throw new RangeError('out of range index')
    }

    if (thisStart >= thisEnd && start >= end) {
        return 0
    }
    if (thisStart >= thisEnd) {
        return -1
    }
    if (start >= end) {
        return 1
    }

    start >>>= 0
    end >>>= 0
    thisStart >>>= 0
    thisEnd >>>= 0

    if (this === target) return 0

    var x = thisEnd - thisStart
    var y = end - start
    var len = Math.min(x, y)

    var thisCopy = this.slice(thisStart, thisEnd)
    var targetCopy = target.slice(start, end)

    for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
        if (thisCopy[i] !== targetCopy[i]) {
            x = thisCopy[i]
            y = targetCopy[i]
            break
        }
    }

    if (x < y) return -1
    if (y < x) return 1
    return 0
}

// Finds either the first index of `val` in `buffer` at offset >= `byteOffset`,
// OR the last index of `val` in `buffer` at offset <= `byteOffset`.
//
// Arguments:
// - buffer - a Buffer to search
// - val - a string, Buffer, or number
// - byteOffset - an index into `buffer`; will be clamped to an int32
// - encoding - an optional encoding, relevant is val is a string
// - dir - true for indexOf, false for lastIndexOf
function bidirectionalIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
    // Empty buffer means no match
    if (buffer.length === 0) return -1

    // Normalize byteOffset
    if (typeof byteOffset === 'string') {
        encoding = byteOffset
        byteOffset = 0
    } else if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) {
        byteOffset = 0x7fffffff
    } else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) {
        byteOffset = -0x80000000
    }
    byteOffset = +byteOffset // Coerce to Number.
    if (isNaN(byteOffset)) {
        // byteOffset: it it's undefined, null, NaN, "foo", etc, search whole buffer
        byteOffset = dir ? 0 : buffer.length - 1
    }

    // Normalize byteOffset: negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
    if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = buffer.length + byteOffset
    if (byteOffset >= buffer.length) {
        if (dir) return -1
        else byteOffset = buffer.length - 1
    } else if (byteOffset < 0) {
        if (dir) byteOffset = 0
        else return -1
    }

    // Normalize val
    if (typeof val === 'string') {
        val = Buffer.from(val, encoding)
    }

    // Finally, search either indexOf (if dir is true) or lastIndexOf
    if (internalIsBuffer(val)) {
        // Special case: looking for empty string/buffer always fails
        if (val.length === 0) {
            return -1
        }
        return arrayIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir)
    } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
        val = val & 0xff // Search for a byte value [0-255]
        if (
            Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT &&
            typeof Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function'
        ) {
            if (dir) {
                return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(
                    buffer,
                    val,
                    byteOffset,
                )
            } else {
                return Uint8Array.prototype.lastIndexOf.call(
                    buffer,
                    val,
                    byteOffset,
                )
            }
        }
        return arrayIndexOf(buffer, [val], byteOffset, encoding, dir)
    }

    throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
}

function arrayIndexOf(arr, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
    var indexSize = 1
    var arrLength = arr.length
    var valLength = val.length

    if (encoding !== undefined) {
        encoding = String(encoding).toLowerCase()
        if (
            encoding === 'ucs2' ||
            encoding === 'ucs-2' ||
            encoding === 'utf16le' ||
            encoding === 'utf-16le'
        ) {
            if (arr.length < 2 || val.length < 2) {
                return -1
            }
            indexSize = 2
            arrLength /= 2
            valLength /= 2
            byteOffset /= 2
        }
    }

    function read(buf, i) {
        if (indexSize === 1) {
            return buf[i]
        } else {
            return buf.readUInt16BE(i * indexSize)
        }
    }

    var i
    if (dir) {
        var foundIndex = -1
        for (i = byteOffset; i < arrLength; i++) {
            if (
                read(arr, i) ===
                read(val, foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex)
            ) {
                if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i
                if (i - foundIndex + 1 === valLength)
                    return foundIndex * indexSize
            } else {
                if (foundIndex !== -1) i -= i - foundIndex
                foundIndex = -1
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (byteOffset + valLength > arrLength)
            byteOffset = arrLength - valLength
        for (i = byteOffset; i >= 0; i--) {
            var found = true
            for (var j = 0; j < valLength; j++) {
                if (read(arr, i + j) !== read(val, j)) {
                    found = false
                    break
                }
            }
            if (found) return i
        }
    }

    return -1
}

Buffer.prototype.includes = function includes(val, byteOffset, encoding) {
    return this.indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) !== -1
}

Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) {
    return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, true)
}

Buffer.prototype.lastIndexOf = function lastIndexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) {
    return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, false)
}

function hexWrite(buf, string, offset, length) {
    offset = Number(offset) || 0
    var remaining = buf.length - offset
    if (!length) {
        length = remaining
    } else {
        length = Number(length)
        if (length > remaining) {
            length = remaining
        }
    }

    // must be an even number of digits
    var strLen = string.length
    if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new TypeError('Invalid hex string')

    if (length > strLen / 2) {
        length = strLen / 2
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
        var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16)
        if (isNaN(parsed)) return i
        buf[offset + i] = parsed
    }
    return i
}

function utf8Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(
        utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset),
        buf,
        offset,
        length,
    )
}

function asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}

function latin1Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
}

function base64Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}

function ucs2Write(buf, string, offset, length) {
    return blitBuffer(
        utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset),
        buf,
        offset,
        length,
    )
}

Buffer.prototype.write = function write(string, offset, length, encoding) {
    // Buffer#write(string)
    if (offset === undefined) {
        encoding = 'utf8'
        length = this.length
        offset = 0
        // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
    } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
        encoding = offset
        length = this.length
        offset = 0
        // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
    } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
        offset = offset | 0
        if (isFinite(length)) {
            length = length | 0
            if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8'
        } else {
            encoding = length
            length = undefined
        }
        // legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
    } else {
        throw new Error(
            'Buffer.write(string, encoding, offset[, length]) is no longer supported',
        )
    }

    var remaining = this.length - offset
    if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining

    if (
        (string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) ||
        offset > this.length
    ) {
        throw new RangeError('Attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
    }

    if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'

    var loweredCase = false
    for (;;) {
        switch (encoding) {
            case 'hex':
                return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)

            case 'utf8':
            case 'utf-8':
                return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)

            case 'ascii':
                return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)

            case 'latin1':
            case 'binary':
                return latin1Write(this, string, offset, length)

            case 'base64':
                // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
                return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)

            case 'ucs2':
            case 'ucs-2':
            case 'utf16le':
            case 'utf-16le':
                return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)

            default:
                if (loweredCase)
                    throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
                encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
                loweredCase = true
        }
    }
}

Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON() {
    return {
        type: 'Buffer',
        data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0),
    }
}

function base64Slice(buf, start, end) {
    if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
        return base64fromByteArray(buf)
    } else {
        return base64fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
    }
}

function utf8Slice(buf, start, end) {
    end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
    var res = []

    var i = start
    while (i < end) {
        var firstByte = buf[i]
        var codePoint = null
        var bytesPerSequence =
            firstByte > 0xef
                ? 4
                : firstByte > 0xdf
                ? 3
                : firstByte > 0xbf
                ? 2
                : 1

        if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
            var secondByte, thirdByte, fourthByte, tempCodePoint

            switch (bytesPerSequence) {
                case 1:
                    if (firstByte < 0x80) {
                        codePoint = firstByte
                    }
                    break
                case 2:
                    secondByte = buf[i + 1]
                    if ((secondByte & 0xc0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint =
                            ((firstByte & 0x1f) << 0x6) | (secondByte & 0x3f)
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0x7f) {
                            codePoint = tempCodePoint
                        }
                    }
                    break
                case 3:
                    secondByte = buf[i + 1]
                    thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
                    if (
                        (secondByte & 0xc0) === 0x80 &&
                        (thirdByte & 0xc0) === 0x80
                    ) {
                        tempCodePoint =
                            ((firstByte & 0xf) << 0xc) |
                            ((secondByte & 0x3f) << 0x6) |
                            (thirdByte & 0x3f)
                        if (
                            tempCodePoint > 0x7ff &&
                            (tempCodePoint < 0xd800 || tempCodePoint > 0xdfff)
                        ) {
                            codePoint = tempCodePoint
                        }
                    }
                    break
                case 4:
                    secondByte = buf[i + 1]
                    thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
                    fourthByte = buf[i + 3]
                    if (
                        (secondByte & 0xc0) === 0x80 &&
                        (thirdByte & 0xc0) === 0x80 &&
                        (fourthByte & 0xc0) === 0x80
                    ) {
                        tempCodePoint =
                            ((firstByte & 0xf) << 0x12) |
                            ((secondByte & 0x3f) << 0xc) |
                            ((thirdByte & 0x3f) << 0x6) |
                            (fourthByte & 0x3f)
                        if (
                            tempCodePoint > 0xffff &&
                            tempCodePoint < 0x110000
                        ) {
                            codePoint = tempCodePoint
                        }
                    }
            }
        }

        if (codePoint === null) {
            // we did not generate a valid codePoint so insert a
            // replacement char (U+FFFD) and advance only 1 byte
            codePoint = 0xfffd
            bytesPerSequence = 1
        } else if (codePoint > 0xffff) {
            // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
            codePoint -= 0x10000
            res.push(((codePoint >>> 10) & 0x3ff) | 0xd800)
            codePoint = 0xdc00 | (codePoint & 0x3ff)
        }

        res.push(codePoint)
        i += bytesPerSequence
    }

    return decodeCodePointsArray(res)
}

// Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/22747272/680742, the browser with
// the lowest limit is Chrome, with 0x10000 args.
// We go 1 magnitude less, for safety
var MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH = 0x1000

function decodeCodePointsArray(codePoints) {
    var len = codePoints.length
    if (len <= MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH) {
        return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, codePoints) // avoid extra slice()
    }

    // Decode in chunks to avoid "call stack size exceeded".
    var res = ''
    var i = 0
    while (i < len) {
        res += String.fromCharCode.apply(
            String,
            codePoints.slice(i, (i += MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH)),
        )
    }
    return res
}

function asciiSlice(buf, start, end) {
    var ret = ''
    end = Math.min(buf.length, end)

    for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
        ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7f)
    }
    return ret
}

function latin1Slice(buf, start, end) {
    var ret = ''
    end = Math.min(buf.length, end)

    for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
        ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i])
    }
    return ret
}

function hexSlice(buf, start, end) {
    var len = buf.length

    if (!start || start < 0) start = 0
    if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len

    var out = ''
    for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
        out += toHex(buf[i])
    }
    return out
}

function utf16leSlice(buf, start, end) {
    var bytes = buf.slice(start, end)
    var res = ''
    for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
        res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + bytes[i + 1] * 256)
    }
    return res
}

Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice(start, end) {
    var len = this.length
    start = ~~start
    end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end

    if (start < 0) {
        start += len
        if (start < 0) start = 0
    } else if (start > len) {
        start = len
    }

    if (end < 0) {
        end += len
        if (end < 0) end = 0
    } else if (end > len) {
        end = len
    }

    if (end < start) end = start

    var newBuf
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        newBuf = this.subarray(start, end)
        newBuf.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
    } else {
        var sliceLen = end - start
        newBuf = new Buffer(sliceLen, undefined)
        for (var i = 0; i < sliceLen; ++i) {
            newBuf[i] = this[i + start]
        }
    }

    return newBuf
}

/*
 * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
 */
function checkOffset(offset, ext, length) {
    if (offset % 1 !== 0 || offset < 0)
        throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
    if (offset + ext > length)
        throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
}

Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE(
    offset,
    byteLength,
    noAssert,
) {
    offset = offset | 0
    byteLength = byteLength | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)

    var val = this[offset]
    var mul = 1
    var i = 0
    while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        val += this[offset + i] * mul
    }

    return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE(
    offset,
    byteLength,
    noAssert,
) {
    offset = offset | 0
    byteLength = byteLength | 0
    if (!noAssert) {
        checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
    }

    var val = this[offset + --byteLength]
    var mul = 1
    while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul
    }

    return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
    return this[offset]
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
    return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
    return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

    return (
        (this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8) | (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
        this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000
    )
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

    return (
        this[offset] * 0x1000000 +
        ((this[offset + 1] << 16) | (this[offset + 2] << 8) | this[offset + 3])
    )
}

Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE(offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
    offset = offset | 0
    byteLength = byteLength | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)

    var val = this[offset]
    var mul = 1
    var i = 0
    while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        val += this[offset + i] * mul
    }
    mul *= 0x80

    if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)

    return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE(offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
    offset = offset | 0
    byteLength = byteLength | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)

    var i = byteLength
    var mul = 1
    var val = this[offset + --i]
    while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        val += this[offset + --i] * mul
    }
    mul *= 0x80

    if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)

    return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
    if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return this[offset]
    return (0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
    var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
    return val & 0x8000 ? val | 0xffff0000 : val
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
    var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8)
    return val & 0x8000 ? val | 0xffff0000 : val
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

    return (
        this[offset] |
        (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
        (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
        (this[offset + 3] << 24)
    )
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

    return (
        (this[offset] << 24) |
        (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
        (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
        this[offset + 3]
    )
}

Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
    return ieee754read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
}

Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
    return ieee754read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
}

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
    return ieee754read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
}

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE(offset, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
    return ieee754read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
}

function checkInt(buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
    if (!internalIsBuffer(buf))
        throw new TypeError('"buffer" argument must be a Buffer instance')
    if (value > max || value < min)
        throw new RangeError('"value" argument is out of bounds')
    if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE(
    value,
    offset,
    byteLength,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    byteLength = byteLength | 0
    if (!noAssert) {
        var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1
        checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0)
    }

    var mul = 1
    var i = 0
    this[offset] = value & 0xff
    while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xff
    }

    return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE(
    value,
    offset,
    byteLength,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    byteLength = byteLength | 0
    if (!noAssert) {
        var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1
        checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0)
    }

    var i = byteLength - 1
    var mul = 1
    this[offset + i] = value & 0xff
    while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xff
    }

    return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0)
    if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
    this[offset] = value & 0xff
    return offset + 1
}

function objectWriteUInt16(buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
    if (value < 0) value = 0xffff + value + 1
    for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 2); i < j; ++i) {
        buf[offset + i] =
            (value & (0xff << (8 * (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i)))) >>>
            ((littleEndian ? i : 1 - i) * 8)
    }
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE(
    value,
    offset,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value & 0xff
        this[offset + 1] = value >>> 8
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
    }
    return offset + 2
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE(
    value,
    offset,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value >>> 8
        this[offset + 1] = value & 0xff
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
    }
    return offset + 2
}

function objectWriteUInt32(buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
    if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
    for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 4); i < j; ++i) {
        buf[offset + i] = (value >>> ((littleEndian ? i : 3 - i) * 8)) & 0xff
    }
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE(
    value,
    offset,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset + 3] = value >>> 24
        this[offset + 2] = value >>> 16
        this[offset + 1] = value >>> 8
        this[offset] = value & 0xff
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
    }
    return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE(
    value,
    offset,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value >>> 24
        this[offset + 1] = value >>> 16
        this[offset + 2] = value >>> 8
        this[offset + 3] = value & 0xff
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
    }
    return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE(
    value,
    offset,
    byteLength,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) {
        var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)

        checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
    }

    var i = 0
    var mul = 1
    var sub = 0
    this[offset] = value & 0xff
    while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i - 1] !== 0) {
            sub = 1
        }
        this[offset + i] = (((value / mul) >> 0) - sub) & 0xff
    }

    return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE(
    value,
    offset,
    byteLength,
    noAssert,
) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) {
        var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)

        checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
    }

    var i = byteLength - 1
    var mul = 1
    var sub = 0
    this[offset + i] = value & 0xff
    while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
        if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i + 1] !== 0) {
            sub = 1
        }
        this[offset + i] = (((value / mul) >> 0) - sub) & 0xff
    }

    return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80)
    if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
    if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1
    this[offset] = value & 0xff
    return offset + 1
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value & 0xff
        this[offset + 1] = value >>> 8
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
    }
    return offset + 2
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value >>> 8
        this[offset + 1] = value & 0xff
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
    }
    return offset + 2
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value & 0xff
        this[offset + 1] = value >>> 8
        this[offset + 2] = value >>> 16
        this[offset + 3] = value >>> 24
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
    }
    return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    value = +value
    offset = offset | 0
    if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
    if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        this[offset] = value >>> 24
        this[offset + 1] = value >>> 16
        this[offset + 2] = value >>> 8
        this[offset + 3] = value & 0xff
    } else {
        objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
    }
    return offset + 4
}

function checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
    if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
    if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
}

function writeFloat(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) {
        checkIEEE754(
            buf,
            value,
            offset,
            4,
            3.4028234663852886e38,
            -3.4028234663852886e38,
        )
    }
    ieee754write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4)
    return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
}

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE(value, offset, noAssert) {
    return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
}

function writeDouble(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
    if (!noAssert) {
        checkIEEE754(
            buf,
            value,
            offset,
            8,
            1.7976931348623157e308,
            -1.7976931348623157e308,
        )
    }
    ieee754write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8)
    return offset + 8
}

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE(
    value,
    offset,
    noAssert,
) {
    return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
}

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE(
    value,
    offset,
    noAssert,
) {
    return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
}

// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy(target, targetStart, start, end) {
    if (!start) start = 0
    if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length
    if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length
    if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0
    if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start

    // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
    if (end === start) return 0
    if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0

    // Fatal error conditions
    if (targetStart < 0) {
        throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
    }
    if (start < 0 || start >= this.length)
        throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
    if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')

    // Are we oob?
    if (end > this.length) end = this.length
    if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
        end = target.length - targetStart + start
    }

    var len = end - start
    var i

    if (this === target && start < targetStart && targetStart < end) {
        // descending copy from end
        for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
        }
    } else if (len < 1000 || !Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
        // ascending copy from start
        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
            target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
        }
    } else {
        Uint8Array.prototype.set.call(
            target,
            this.subarray(start, start + len),
            targetStart,
        )
    }

    return len
}

// Usage:
//    buffer.fill(number[, offset[, end]])
//    buffer.fill(buffer[, offset[, end]])
//    buffer.fill(string[, offset[, end]][, encoding])
Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill(val, start, end, encoding) {
    // Handle string cases:
    if (typeof val === 'string') {
        if (typeof start === 'string') {
            encoding = start
            start = 0
            end = this.length
        } else if (typeof end === 'string') {
            encoding = end
            end = this.length
        }
        if (val.length === 1) {
            var code = val.charCodeAt(0)
            if (code < 256) {
                val = code
            }
        }
        if (encoding !== undefined && typeof encoding !== 'string') {
            throw new TypeError('encoding must be a string')
        }
        if (typeof encoding === 'string' && !Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
            throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
        }
    } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
        val = val & 255
    }

    // Invalid ranges are not set to a default, so can range check early.
    if (start < 0 || this.length < start || this.length < end) {
        throw new RangeError('Out of range index')
    }

    if (end <= start) {
        return this
    }

    start = start >>> 0
    end = end === undefined ? this.length : end >>> 0

    if (!val) val = 0

    var i
    if (typeof val === 'number') {
        for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {
            this[i] = val
        }
    } else {
        var bytes = internalIsBuffer(val)
            ? val
            : utf8ToBytes(new Buffer(val, encoding).toString())
        var len = bytes.length
        for (i = 0; i < end - start; ++i) {
            this[i + start] = bytes[i % len]
        }
    }

    return this
}

// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================

var INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+\/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g

function base64clean(str) {
    // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
    str = stringtrim(str).replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '')
    // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
    if (str.length < 2) return ''
    // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
    while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
        str = str + '='
    }
    return str
}

function stringtrim(str) {
    if (str.trim) return str.trim()
    return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '')
}

function toHex(n) {
    if (n < 16) return '0' + n.toString(16)
    return n.toString(16)
}

function utf8ToBytes(string, units) {
    units = units || Infinity
    var codePoint
    var length = string.length
    var leadSurrogate = null
    var bytes = []

    for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
        codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i)

        // is surrogate component
        if (codePoint > 0xd7ff && codePoint < 0xe000) {
            // last char was a lead
            if (!leadSurrogate) {
                // no lead yet
                if (codePoint > 0xdbff) {
                    // unexpected trail
                    if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xef, 0xbf, 0xbd)
                    continue
                } else if (i + 1 === length) {
                    // unpaired lead
                    if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xef, 0xbf, 0xbd)
                    continue
                }

                // valid lead
                leadSurrogate = codePoint

                continue
            }

            // 2 leads in a row
            if (codePoint < 0xdc00) {
                if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xef, 0xbf, 0xbd)
                leadSurrogate = codePoint
                continue
            }

            // valid surrogate pair
            codePoint =
                (((leadSurrogate - 0xd800) << 10) | (codePoint - 0xdc00)) +
                0x10000
        } else if (leadSurrogate) {
            // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
            if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xef, 0xbf, 0xbd)
        }

        leadSurrogate = null

        // encode utf8
        if (codePoint < 0x80) {
            if ((units -= 1) < 0) break
            bytes.push(codePoint)
        } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
            if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
            bytes.push((codePoint >> 0x6) | 0xc0, (codePoint & 0x3f) | 0x80)
        } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
            if ((units -= 3) < 0) break
            bytes.push(
                (codePoint >> 0xc) | 0xe0,
                ((codePoint >> 0x6) & 0x3f) | 0x80,
                (codePoint & 0x3f) | 0x80,
            )
        } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
            if ((units -= 4) < 0) break
            bytes.push(
                (codePoint >> 0x12) | 0xf0,
                ((codePoint >> 0xc) & 0x3f) | 0x80,
                ((codePoint >> 0x6) & 0x3f) | 0x80,
                (codePoint & 0x3f) | 0x80,
            )
        } else {
            throw new Error('Invalid code point')
        }
    }

    return bytes
}

function asciiToBytes(str) {
    var byteArray = []
    for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
        // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
        byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xff)
    }
    return byteArray
}

function utf16leToBytes(str, units) {
    var c, hi, lo
    var byteArray = []
    for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
        if ((units -= 2) < 0) break

        c = str.charCodeAt(i)
        hi = c >> 8
        lo = c % 256
        byteArray.push(lo)
        byteArray.push(hi)
    }

    return byteArray
}

function base64ToBytes(str) {
    return base64toByteArray(base64clean(str))
}

function blitBuffer(src, dst, offset, length) {
    for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
        if (i + offset >= dst.length || i >= src.length) break
        dst[i + offset] = src[i]
    }
    return i
}

function isnan(val) {
    return val !== val // eslint-disable-line no-self-compare
}

// the following is from is-buffer, also by Feross Aboukhadijeh and with same lisence
// The _isBuffer check is for Safari 5-7 support, because it's missing
// Object.prototype.constructor. Remove this eventually
function isBuffer(obj) {
    return (
        obj != null &&
        (!!obj._isBuffer || isFastBuffer(obj) || isSlowBuffer(obj))
    )
}

function isFastBuffer(obj) {
    return (
        !!obj.constructor &&
        typeof obj.constructor.isBuffer === 'function' &&
        obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)
    )
}

// For Node v0.10 support. Remove this eventually.
function isSlowBuffer(obj) {
    return (
        typeof obj.readFloatLE === 'function' &&
        typeof obj.slice === 'function' &&
        isFastBuffer(obj.slice(0, 0))
    )
}

function ieee754read(buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
    var e, m
    var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
    var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
    var eBias = eMax >> 1
    var nBits = -7
    var i = isLE ? nBytes - 1 : 0
    var d = isLE ? -1 : 1
    var s = buffer[offset + i]

    i += d

    e = s & ((1 << -nBits) - 1)
    s >>= -nBits
    nBits += eLen
    for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

    m = e & ((1 << -nBits) - 1)
    e >>= -nBits
    nBits += mLen
    for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

    if (e === 0) {
        e = 1 - eBias
    } else if (e === eMax) {
        return m ? NaN : (s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity
    } else {
        m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen)
        e = e - eBias
    }
    return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
}

function ieee754write(buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
    var e, m, c
    var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1
    var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1
    var eBias = eMax >> 1
    var rt = mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0
    var i = isLE ? 0 : nBytes - 1
    var d = isLE ? 1 : -1
    var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0

    value = Math.abs(value)

    if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
        m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0
        e = eMax
    } else {
        e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2)
        if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
            e--
            c *= 2
        }
        if (e + eBias >= 1) {
            value += rt / c
        } else {
            value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias)
        }
        if (value * c >= 2) {
            e++
            c /= 2
        }

        if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
            m = 0
            e = eMax
        } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
            m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
            e = e + eBias
        } else {
            m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen)
            e = 0
        }
    }

    for (
        ;
        mLen >= 8;
        buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8
    ) {}

    e = (e << mLen) | m
    eLen += mLen
    for (
        ;
        eLen > 0;
        buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8
    ) {}

    buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128
}